Luxury villa for sale in Los Naranjos Hill Club, Marbella

Facing southwest, this fully renovated three-bedroom, two-bathroom apartment offers refined living with uninterrupted views over subtropical gardens and the Mediterranean Sea. The property has been upgraded to the highest standards and showcases an elegant, contemporary design throughout. Key features include an open-plan designer kitchen equipped with premium German appliances, stylish flooring, contemporary furnishings, an electric fireplace, a Bang & Olufsen sound system, a freestanding bathtub, and custom-made fitted wardrobes. The bright and spacious living areas flow seamlessly onto a generous 32m² terrace, where you can enjoy breathtaking views that stretch all the way to the coast of Africa. The apartment is in immaculate condition and includes a storage room and a private parking space in the underground communal garage. Los Granados del Mar is one of the most prestigious beachfront communities on the New Golden Mile, offering direct beach access and spectacular views of the Mediterranean. The complex is renowned for its beautifully maintained gardens and first-class facilities, including an on-site restaurant, a heated indoor pool, two outdoor pools, a fully equipped gym, a Turkish bath, a sauna, a Jacuzzi, and 24-hour security. Conveniently located close to all amenities, international schools, high-end restaurants, the newly developed Laguna Village complex, and the vibrant center of Estepona, this exceptional property offers a unique opportunity to enjoy luxury coastal living at its finest. #ref:CBSH1076

A rare opportunity to acquire the last and largest plot in the exclusive community of Atalaya de Río Verdejust a short stroll from the glamour of Puerto Banús. This substantial 3,607 m² plot offers a total buildable area of 1,878 m² (not including terraces, porches, etc.), making it ideal for the construction of a truly grand residence. The plot comes with an approved license and a full architectural project by one of Marbella's most renowned architects, included in the asking price. With everything in place, construction can begin immediately. From ground level, the plot boasts breathtaking sea views, enhancing its potential as the site of a luxury home that blends elegance, scale, and unbeatable location. The included design ensures a sophisticated and stylish development, tailored for high-end living. This is a unique chance to build your dream home on a generous plot in one of Marbella's most sought-after areasoffering prestige, convenience, and panoramic coastal views. #ref:CBSH643

Unlock the potential of this exceptional 817 m² residential plot located in the exclusive, gated community of Buena Vista in Mijas. Boasting breathtaking panoramic views of the Mediterranean and the coastline, this south-facing plot offers the perfect opportunity to design and build your dream villaideal for a luxurious holiday retreat or a serene year-round residence. With a buildability ratio of 0.26 m²/m², the plot invites a variety of architectural possibilities, allowing you to craft a bespoke home in one of the most desirable areas of the Costa del Sol. Perfectly positioned between coast and mountains, Buena Vista offers the best of both worlds. Just minutes from the A-7 motorway, you're seamlessly connected to the vibrant Higuerón Resort to the south and the charming whitewashed village of Mijas Pueblo to the north. This prime location offers a unique combination of privacy, natural beauty, and easy accessan ideal canvas for your next residential masterpiece. #ref:CBSH651

Coldwell Banker has the honor of presenting this magnificent home, located in the beautiful municipality of Viladecavalls. Easy access from the main roads such as the C-58 road and the C-16 motorway with its own exit. Adjacent to the municipality of Terrassa, 10 minutes from Manresa and 25 minutes from Barcelona. In the term there are two railway stations of the suburban line R4 of RENFE (Barcelona-Manresa), one in Sant Miquel de Gonteres and another in Can Corbera, which serves the old town of Viladecavalls. Built in mid-2004, our farm is distributed over four large floors. Once we cross the door, which is at street level, we can already perceive that feeling of warmth and well-being thanks to the garden area that we find on both sides. If we continue advancing along a few flights of stairs, we discover the immensity of the terrace, all of it paved with non-slip Catalan terrazzo. It is south facing, ideal to enjoy every last ray of sun with all the family and friends. It has an area with barbecue and a pool of no less than 9 meters long and with stairs. We enter the hall, spacious and bright, and on your left we find the first double bedroom with fitted wardrobes and a bathroom with shower. To the right of our anteroom we find a dining room, with large windows that allow natural light to enter throughout the day. Then we access the kitchen perfectly distributed with a room for the laundry area. A beautiful designer staircase leads to the first floor, the night area, with its 4 double bedrooms and fitted wardrobes, all with lots of natural light and exterior access to another terrace. The master bedroom has an en-suite bathroom, which is clad in travertine marble and has a whirlpool bath. On the same floor we have another bathroom with bathtub, perfect to share with the rest of the rooms. On the upper floor we find an attic area with fire to earth, very cozy and isolated, perfect to create your work area, or rest. Finally, in the basement we find a garage with capacity for up to 5 cars. We can not overlook all the details and qualities that this house has: façade finished in brick with an irregular and unique finish typical of the traditional handmade, interior carpentry in cherry wood, travertine marble floors, San Vicente marble lintels, aluminum windows with thermal bridge break, tilt-and-turn and with Venetian blinds to graduate your light input. An endless number of qualities chosen with great care and detail. #ref:CBMT317 2

GAlÍ Real Estate is honored to present Ordino Mountain Residential Resort, located in a natural environment and with impressive mountain views. In this exclusive residential project, born from a modern reinterpretation of traditional Andorran architecture, the concept of a wooden 'cabin' on a two-story stone podium is reinterpreted, which, far from being erected as a conventional housing block, organizes a residential community. exclusive around a common garden.~Despite being traditional materials, wood and stone are used in the project as contemporary materials, with the aim of achieving an innovative image but rooted in the place. Large panes of glass, oriented towards the incredible landscape of the country and the common spaces of the development, give the complex an innovative image and bring nature and architecture closer.~Impressive villas with five to eight bedrooms are offered on several floors and spacious two- and three-bedroom apartments with terraces with stunning views of the surrounding mountains. The homes have a modern design, with minimalist furniture, in neutral colors. They offer an open-plan layout, with large open spaces, such as the living-dining room with the open-plan kitchen, separated by a central island, as well as exclusive rooms such as a cinema room, spa or private gym. Likewise, the homes have BREEAM certification, a certification that recognizes sustainability efforts in terms of energy efficiency and environmentally friendly construction.~The development has common amenities spaces, including a spa and a gym, as well as a multifunctional, open-plan social club area with a room for children and another for adults.~~Both the spa and the gym are located in a privileged area of the plot. Through large glass panels, extraordinary views of the valley are obtained, which make this space the ideal place to relax and enjoy the silence and nature throughout the year. #ref:03979/5210

This beautifully reformed one-bedroom apartment is located in the highly desirable Lorcrimar I complex, right in the heart of Nueva Andalucía, Marbella. Positioned on the middle floor, the apartment offers 60 m² of well-designed living space and has been recently renovated to a high standard, featuring a sleek modern kitchen with premium appliances and a contemporary bathroom fitted with a walk-in Grohe shower. Bright and spacious, the apartment also offers the possibility to convert the existing layout into an open-plan living space, enhancing its modern feel. Additional comforts include fitted mirrored wardrobes, generous storage, and centralized air conditioning and heating. Set within a fully gated community with video surveillance, residents enjoy access to two large communal swimming pools surrounded by lush tropical gardens. The location is exceptionaljust a 15-minute walk to the glamorous Puerto Banús marina and its array of shops, restaurants, and nightlife, 10 minutes to Mistral Beach, and only 500 meters from the prestigious Real Padel Club. Conveniently situated just 10 minutes from Marbella town and 35 minutes from Málaga Airport, the apartment also benefits from nearby public transport links and proximity to some of the Costa del Sol's best golf courses, including Los Naranjos, Aloha, and Las Brisas. Offered at €295,000 with a First Occupancy License (LPO) in place, this is an excellent opportunityperfect as a holiday getaway, a permanent home, or a lucrative rental investment in one of Marbella's most sought-after locations. #ref:CBSH912

Located in an exclusive and central residential area of Marbella, this stunning luxury villa offers elegance, space, and comfort in an exceptional setting. With six bedrooms, three full bathrooms, and a guest toilet, the property features nearly 600 m² of built area on a generous 1,500 m² plot, complemented by expansive terraces and breathtaking panoramic views of the sea and mountains. Fully fenced and boasting a grand entrance with outdoor parking, the villa is distributed across three levels. A majestic entrance hall welcomes you into the main floor, where you'll find a family kitchen, guest toilet, living room, and an impressive dining area with fireplace, all surrounded by large windows with direct access to the terrace, garden, and pool. The property is equipped with hot and cold air conditioning and underfloor heating throughout, except on the lower level. The upper floor offers three spacious bedrooms, including the master suite with en-suite bathroom and walk-in closet. Another standout bedroom features high ceilings with exposed beams. From the upper terrace, enjoy spectacular views and ample space ideal for a private chill-out area. The lower level is divided into two sections: on one side, a laundry area and garage for 3-4 vehicles; on the other, an independent apartment with private entrance, three bedrooms, and one bathroom. The villa also includes a water reservoir (aljibe), ensuring a constant water supply. This is a unique opportunity for those seeking a luxurious residence with complete privacy, panoramic views, and a privileged location. A visit is essential to truly appreciate the magnificence of this property and the lifestyle it offers. Living in Marbella means enjoying an unmatched quality of life, with year-round sunshine, dreamy beaches, and a vibrant social scene. The city boasts excellent infrastructure, including renowned golf courses, world-class marinas like Puerto Banús, and a wide variety of restaurants, shops, and entertainment options. Marbella also offers top-tier private healthcare and international schools, making it an ideal place to live or invest. Its proximity to other tourist destinations and easy access via Málaga Airport further enhance its appeal as one of the most desirable locations on the Costa del Sol. #ref:CBSH898

Residencial Vanian Gardens III is a new contemporary-style residential complex located on Estepona's New Golden Mile on the Costa del Sol. This stunning development of modern 1, 2, and 3-bedroom apartments and penthouses is surrounded by beautiful gardens and is close to the beach, golf courses, and all essential amenities. Beautiful 2-bedroom apartment for sale in Vanian Gardens III, Estepona. The property features spacious and bright interiors, three bedrooms, two bathrooms, and an open-plan kitchen integrated with the living-dining room, connecting seamlessly to the large terrace with impressive views. All homes boast an elegant and contemporary design that makes the most of sunlight and the natural surroundings. Apartments are built with top-quality materials, porcelain floors, fully fitted bathrooms, built-in wardrobes, Italian kitchens with all appliances installed, and fully fitted air conditioning. Each property includes an underground parking space and a storage room. The complex offers a wide range of facilities including swimming pools, a gym, a social club, coworking area, cinema, and extensive landscaped gardens. Ideally located on Estepona's New Golden Mile, just 10 minutes from the beach and all kinds of services. Puerto Banús and Marbella are just a short drive away, and Málaga Airport is only 50 minutes away. There are over a dozen golf courses nearby, luxury hotels, and top-class leisure options. Location, design, and quality are the three key elements when choosing your future home Vanian offers all three, along with a selection of high-quality homes, perfect as a holiday retreat or permanent residence. In recent years, Estepona has flourished with a fascinating range of exclusive developments and modern infrastructure. It has become one of the most sought-after destinations for those seeking a high-end lifestyle or an excellent investment opportunity. #ref:CBSH385

Coldwell Banker Prestige presents this exclusive penthouse in the coveted area of Sant Gervasi - La Bonanova. Located in a completely renovated classic building, this home offers the perfect combination of elegance and comfort in a quiet and well-connected setting. The 120 m² property has been renovated with careful design and high-quality materials. The spacious living-dining room, with an integrated kitchen, opens onto a charming 15 m² terrace, allowing you to enjoy outdoor living without sacrificing the privacy of your home. It has three bedrooms, one of which is en suite, as well as two full bathrooms and a guest toilet. The renovation has respected the original details of the property, such as the moldings and the personality of the spaces, while incorporating modern finishes: high-end aluminum carpentry, custom built-in wardrobes, magnetic closure doors, and ducted air conditioning throughout the home. This is a bright and functional exterior property, designed for those seeking a sophisticated and comfortable home in one of the best residential areas of Barcelona. #ref:CBES2763

Discover this charming renovated apartment located on the beachfront in one of Marbella's most desirable areas, right in front of the Marina and just a 5-minute walk from the Old Town and Alameda Square. With 55 m² of well-used space, the property features a bright living room with lovely sea views, an open-plan fully equipped kitchen, air conditioning, two bedrooms, and a stylish bathroom. The entire unit has been tastefully renovated to high standards. Its unbeatable location, surrounded by restaurants, shops, and leisure spots, makes this apartment an ideal choice for year-round living or a high-yield investment for short-term rentals. #ref:CBSH995

Discover this exceptional residence, a contemporary villa currently under construction in the heart of the prestigious neighbourhood of Ciudad Diagonal in Esplugues, Barcelona. This residential project combines modernity, comfort, and elegance. The villa, currently under construction, will be a work of contemporary architecture with a generous interior area of 700 m2, built on an 800 m2 plot. Four en-suite bedrooms are planned, and the master suite proudly occupies the entire floor, providing an expansive private space with two dressing rooms and a private panoramic terrace. From the main entrance, a welcoming and bright hall leads residents into a cosy living space. This level houses three additional bedrooms, a spacious living room open to the dining room and a modern kitchen. You will choose between three proposed kitchens with refined aesthetics and high-quality equipment. The living room will be adorned with a spectacular 5-metre-long designer gas fireplace, creating a warm and contemporary ambience. The living space opens harmoniously onto a terrace and garden, creating a natural link between indoors and outdoors. Enjoy moments of relaxation in a well-equipped chillout area and cool off in the heated swimming pool, which offers an ideal setting for outdoor events and leisure time. The house's basement has been thoughtfully designed and offers a full range of amenities, including a spacious laundry room, a gym, a king-size jacuzzi for moments of absolute relaxation, a multi-purpose room adaptable to various needs, and a garage with capacity for two cars. Material choices are up to the highest standards, with underfloor heating covering the entire house, complemented by an underfloor cooling system for optimal comfort all year round. The house will be fully equipped with home automation and sound systems. Finishes include polished concrete flooring, micro-cement-clad bathrooms, and quadruple-glazed windows with aluminium frames, ensuring superior acoustic, thermal, and security insulation. Siemens lighting will add a touch of sophistication to every corner of the house. #ref:CBES2164

Perfectly situated in a quiet beachside enclave on Marbella's prestigious Golden Mile, this fully renovated south-facing townhouse boasts breathtaking sea views and a lifestyle of ease and elegance. Within walking distance of Marbella's town center and all essential amenities, it offers an ideal base to enjoy the very best of the Costa del Sol. The home spans three thoughtfully designed levels that blend contemporary style with comfort. A charming front porch provides a peaceful space for morning coffee or sunlit relaxation. Inside, the open-plan living and dining area features a cozy fireplace, while the sleek Porcelanosa kitchen with top-of-the-line Miele appliances is ideal for cooking and entertaining. This space connects directly to a spacious terrace, perfect for outdoor dining and enjoying the greenery. On the ground floor, there's also a flexible single bedroomideal for guests, staff, or a home officeas well as a guest toilet with shower. Upstairs, the master suite offers a tranquil retreat with a walk-in wardrobe and an elegant en-suite bathroom. Two additional bedrooms on this level share a stylish bathroom, perfect for family or visitors. The top floor features another en-suite bedroom, a laundry room, and two large terraces with panoramic views of the Mediterraneanideal for sunbathing, yoga, or simply enjoying the scenery. The home is offered fully furnished with sophisticated finishes, including Travertine marble floors throughout. A nearby underground parking space is included. Please note that approximately 24 m² of the top-floor built area and terraces are not officially registered, offering extra usable space. Located in a secure and well-kept community with lush gardens, a swimming pool, and paddle tennis courts, this beachside townhouse offers a rare combination of coastal charm, modern comfort, and convenience just moments from the heart of Marbella. #ref:CBSH778

Coldwell Banker Prestige presents, exclusive 197 m² apartment with a communal pool and included furnishings. Located in Sarrià-Sant Gervasi, one of Barcelona's most prestigious neighborhoods. Option to purchase a parking space and storage room. Step into this luxury property offering an unbeatable combination of space, comfort, and modern design, ideal for families seeking a peaceful setting without giving up the conveniences and elevated lifestyle of urban living. Recently renovated with high-quality finishes, the apartment features a spacious and bright living-dining area enhanced by large windows that flood the space with natural light. The open-plan kitchen is fully equipped with top-of-the-line appliances, making it the functional heart of the home. The sleeping area comprises four bedrooms: a master suite with private bathroom, a second double bedroom, and three versatile single rooms, ideal for use as an office, study, or guest room. For added convenience, the property includes a separate laundry area, courtesy bathroom, two parking spaces, and comes fully furnished, ready to move in. Located in Sarrià-Sant Gervasi, a quiet and upscale residential area known for its green spaces, top-tier international schools, renowned restaurants, and close proximity to key avenues. A unique opportunity to acquire a spacious, elegant, and fully equipped home in one of Barcelona's most desirable districts: contact us for more information or to schedule a private viewing. #ref:CBES2632

We present you an exclusive contemporary villa located in one of the most emblematic areas of Jávea: Ambolo. This privileged enclave offers the perfect combination of nature, privacy and sea views, ideal for those who want to enjoy a relaxed lifestyle without sacrificing elegance and comfort. Javea, with its traditional charm and stunning coastal setting, has established itself as one of the most sought-after destinations on the Costa Blanca. Its sunny climate, beaches with crystal clear waters, excellent services and infrastructure make this town a safe bet for both residence and investment. The villa has been carefully designed to offer a modern and functional home. The upper floor houses four spacious bedrooms, ideal for ensuring the privacy of its inhabitants. On the ground floor, the spacious open-plan living room connects to a state-of-the-art kitchen, equipped with high-end appliances, creating an open, bright and welcoming area. One of the great attractions of this property is its sea views, visible from almost every corner of the house and especially from the large outdoor terrace, perfect for relaxing, sunbathing or sharing unforgettable moments. If you are looking for a sophisticated villa in a privileged setting on the Costa Blanca, this is your chance. Contact us today for more information or to arrange a personalised viewing. #ref:CBS558N

Tierra Viva is a luxury residential complex of 53 unique villas sitting gently on the side of a hill, with every villa standing on a different height. The prestigious position of Tierra Viva overlooking the coastline, allows every villa to enjoy endless panoramas of the Mediterranean Sea. Descending from Tierra Viva is Puerto Banús, where a luxurious offering of designer boutiques, sport cars parading, exclusive nightclubs, and fine dining experiences populate the picturesque waterfront. Sharp lines and finest materials are the unique traits of the luxury villas in Tierra Viva. As supernatural gems coming out of the land itself, they are named after the most precious stones. Villas Diamante: Majestic and superb, the Diamante Villas are spread on four levels, host 6 bedrooms and know no compromises. Spacious roof terraces with breath-taking Mediterranean Views are the perfect set for family and social gatherings, while the extensive swimming pool and luxuriant gardens make this villas the perfect setting for an unforgettable holiday that can last for a lifetime. Villas Zafiro: Refined, classy and sophisticated, the 4-level Zafiro Villas sit gently on the hillside, offering stunning views from every room, especially from the panoramic rooftop. With 5 bedrooms and plenty of common spaces, they feature a wine cellar, a multipurpose room that can easily become a gym and a massive pool area for unforgettable memories. Villas Esmeralda: Every day is a summer day in the Esmeralda Villas, the 4-bedroom residences with glorious terraced gardens and exclusive pool areas. Here, everything was created to offer the most relaxing and unwinding experience, like the steam & sauna rooms and the home theatre in the basement floor. Located within the gated community of Los Jaralillos - Benahavís, Tierra Viva prides itself on providing a private and secure environment for its residents with premium 24/7 security services. Each villa within Tierra Viva comes with its own private pool, offering a chance to create a personal oasis for serene moments and unforgettable memories. #ref:CBSH162

Coldwell Banker Unique presents this wonderful blank canvas a few meters from Recoletos. Located in a stately and elegant building, this property enjoys a privileged location, just a few steps from the Retiro Park, one of the most emblematic enclaves of Madrid. The house stands out for its high ceilings, which provide spaciousness and brightness to each room, and for a representative portal with porter service and two lifts that enhance the comfort and exclusivity of the building. Currently, the flat has three bedrooms and two bathrooms, offering an ideal base to design a custom home. Thanks to the spaciousness of its spaces and its excellent layout, it offers infinite possibilities for renovation to adapt it to the tastes and needs of those who wish to turn it into a unique residence. A once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to create a unique project in one of the most desirable areas of the capital. #ref:CBUQ735

This carefully maintained, traditional Mediterranean villa is located in a quiet and elevated area of Javea, on the stunning Costa Blanca. From virtually any point on the property, you can enjoy breathtaking panoramic views of the deep blue Mediterranean Sea, the imposing Montgó mountain and the charming town centre of Javea that stretches out at its feet. Not only is its location idyllic, but it offers the perfect balance of tranquillity, privacy and proximity to all the amenities that this sought-after seaside resort has to offer. The property breathes the timeless charm of classic Spanish architecture, with its characteristic Tosca stone walls, elegant arches, terracotta tiles and wood-beamed ceilings. At the same time, the villa has all modern amenities, making it ideal both for permanent living and for enjoying as a second home or as a high-end holiday rental villa. Upon entering, the open and bright layout is immediately striking. The spacious living room forms the heart of the house, with large windows that flood the space with natural light and a Tosca stone fireplace that brings warmth and atmosphere on cooler days. Authentic architectural details are combined with elegant décor and high-quality finishes, creating an atmosphere of luxury and comfort throughout the property. Following the living room, there is a cosy dining room with views of the garden and the sea, an ideal place to enjoy meals as the sun sets over the horizon. The fully equipped kitchen is a true focal point: spacious, practical and stylish, with a central island and high-end appliances. Here functionality and elegance are combined, making it a perfect space for both daily use and for receiving guests. The villa has four spacious double bedrooms, all with fitted wardrobes and large windows that bring in plenty of natural light. The three modern bathrooms are fully equipped and finished with top quality materials, contributing to the feeling of discreet luxury that is perceived throughout the property. The interior is tastefully decorated, combining Mediterranean warmth with contemporary elegance, and the villa is sold fully furnished to a luxury standard. Thanks to underfloor heating and air conditioning throughout the house, comfort is assured all year round. In addition, eighteen solar panels significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce maintenance costs, making this home not only stylish, but also sustainable. Outside, the Mediterranean lifestyle is fully lived. From the covered naya, with its traditional wooden beams and Tosca stone arches, you can enjoy views that stretch over the valley and the sparkling Mediterranean Sea. This is the ideal place to relax with a book, a glass of wine or good company, while the gentle sea breeze runs through the garden. Around the private pool there are large sunny terraces, inviting you to rest and sunbathe, while on the upper floor there are two additional terraces, perfect for enjoying the tranquillity and spectacular views. The mature and well-kept Mediterranean garden is low maintenance and filled with palm trees, blooming bougainvillea and aromatic shrubs, creating a colourful and vibrant environment that harmonises perfectly with the natural landscape. Distributed throughout the garden there are several shaded corners where you can enjoy the outdoors in total tranquillity or share meals outdoors in a relaxed environment. The villa is located in a quiet and sought-after residential area of Javea, just a few minutes' drive from the beaches, international schools, shops, restaurants and the picturesque old town with its narrow streets, traditional squares and lively markets. Whether you are looking for a comfortable family home, a private residence by the sea or a profitable investment in one of the most exclusive areas of the Costa Blanca, this villa offers a unique combination of location, comfort, authenticity and elegance. Jávea itself is a jewel of the Mediterranean, located in the province of Alicante, in the wonderful region of Valencia. The city is known for its crystal clear waters, varied coastline with sandy beaches and rocky coves, and sunny weather almost all year round. With a population of approximately thirty thousand inhabitants, Javea offers a relaxed and welcoming atmosphere, where local and international residents live together in a harmonious community. The setting is dominated by natural beauty, with the stunning Montgó Natural Park as a backdrop. Residents and visitors can enjoy endless hiking and biking trails, spectacular viewpoints, and unmatched tranquillity. At the same time, Javea offers a vibrant social and cultural life, with excellent restaurants, cosy cafes, art galleries and traditional festivities held throughout the year. The city has a rich history that is reflected in its architecture, from the Gothic church of San Bartolomé to the white houses of the old town. The local gastronomy also reflects this heritage: fresh seafood, traditional tapas and exquisite local wines form the heart of Mediterranean cuisine. Thanks to a strong expat community, newcomers quickly feel at home. The combination of friendly inhabitants, stunning natural surroundings, rich cultural heritage and modern amenities makes Javea one of the most desirable places to live on the Spanish coast. Whoever chooses this villa not only acquires a spectacular property, but a lifestyle in which comfort, beauty and serenity are combined. It's a place where every day feels like a holiday, with the sea on the horizon, the scent of jasmine in the garden, and the sun shining almost always. #ref:CBSJ723