Pay attention to this great buying opportunity!~We are pleased to present you a charming last floor that brings together everything you have been looking for in your next home. This magnificent apartment with four double bedrooms, one of which is a suite, is the definition of comfort and style.~Located in the heart of the city, this south-facing apartment has plenty of natural light. In addition, it is in very good condition, which means that you will not have to worry about renovations or inconveniences. You will only have to bring your belongings and start enjoying!~The independent kitchen is every amateur cook's dream, with enough space to experiment with your favorite recipes. And when you want to enjoy the fresh air, the 27 square meter terrace is the perfect place to relax. This apartment not only stands out for its comfort, but also for its strategic location. Just two minutes walk away, you will find the hospital, the banking area, Caldea and beautiful parks that will allow you to enjoy nature without leaving the city.~The building in which this real estate unit is located is equally impressive, with impeccable maintenance and a charming aesthetic.~And as an added benefit, you will have two parking spaces and a storage room to store your belongings safely and conveniently.~Don't miss this opportunity to acquire an apartment that combines practicality and an unbeatable location.~Contact us today to schedule a visit!~~Immobiliairia Gali at your disposal #ref:04282/5210

Los Miradores del Sol is an exclusive residential complex located in Estepona, known for its modern and avant-garde architecture. The project is arranged around a large central landscaped plaza, featuring lawns, trees, and carefully designed green spaces that create a natural and relaxing environment. At the heart of the complex are communal swimming pools and jacuzzis for both adults and children, as well as a children's play area, perfect for enjoying with the family. The development offers 2- and 3-bedroom apartments with 2 bathrooms, all designed to make the most of natural light. Large windows connect the living room and the master bedroom to the terrace, creating bright, spacious, and comfortable interiors. All apartments include a parking space and storage room located in the basement. In addition, you can customize the finishes of your new home with a variety of options to suit your personal style. Just a few minutes from the complex is Playa del Saladillo, one of the most popular beaches in the area, boasting over 1,500 meters of fine golden sand and awarded the Blue Flag for its clear turquoise waters. It's the perfect spot to relax or enjoy water sports all year round. The residential complex is surrounded by a full range of services and amenities, including supermarkets, banks, pharmacies, restaurants, and more. Sports enthusiasts will find a nearby tennis club and municipal sports center. Just a short walk from the beach is the charming Laguna Village shopping center, ideal for seaside shopping and dining. Estepona is also a paradise for golf lovers. Near the complex you'll find some of the most prestigious golf courses on the Costa del Sol, such as El Paraíso Golf Club, host of the Spanish Championship, along with La Resina, Atalaya, and the Real Club de Golf, among others. This exceptional offer makes the area one of the most sought-after and exclusive on the coast. #ref:CBSH843

Estrella del Mar Villas Marbella is located in Elviria Playa, one of the most exclusive residential areas of Marbella East, just 10 minutes by car from the centre of Marbella and 30 minutes from Malaga International Airport. Elviria is known for having one of the best beaches on the Costa del Sol, as well as a wide range of gastronomy, leisure and golf courses, with several of the best courses in its vicinity such as Santa Maria, Santa Clara, Rio Real or Marbella Golf, among others. Marbella East combines commercial, leisure and service areas, such as the lively Elviria Shopping Centre, where we find a wide variety of international restaurants, with quieter spaces where you can relax after a day of work or during your free time. In addition, it has easy access to the A7 motorway, also known as the Mediterranean Motorway. From Estrella del Mar we can access Marbella centre or Puerto Banús, one of the best marinas in Andalusia, in just a few minutes and enjoy the lively nightlife they offer. Estrella del Mar Villas Marbella is a new development of 88 semi-detached houses, with 3 and 4 bedrooms on two levels, ground and first floor, with a private garden with a covered porch/terrace with a pergola and two private parking spaces. Phase 2 offers 52 homes that have spacious living rooms, with fully equipped open kitchens furnished with high-end appliances; 2 or 3 bathrooms (main en suite) and a guest toilet. All homes have underfloor heating throughout the house, air conditioning by aerothermal energy, double glazing type climalit, motorized blinds in the bedrooms and an excellent distribution of the rooms. The private development has a perimeter fence, green areas, a communal pool, a gym and a co-working area. #ref:CBSH222

Located in the very heart of Barcelona's historic center, this apartment is situated in the Born district, one of the city's most dynamic areas with a strong personality. Its location is unbeatable: just a few steps from Jaume I metro station, Via Laietana, and the iconic Carrer de la Princesa. Set within a modernist building dating back to 1936, the property has been carefully renovated by a renowned architectural studio. During the refurbishment, original features of great value were preserved, such as high ceilings with restored moldings, hydraulic tile floors, and period woodwork, all harmoniously combined with contemporary finishes that add comfort and style. The apartment includes a spacious entrance hall, a bright living room with a balcony and large windows, a fully equipped designer kitchen, two bedrooms (one double and one single), a complete bathroom, and an ideal space for an office or study area. The blend of historical details with modern design, together with its excellent natural light and location, make this property a unique opportunity, both as a residence and as an investment, in one of Barcelona's most charming neighborhoods. El Born is one of the city's most sought-after neighborhoods, known for its bohemian atmosphere, historic streets, exclusive boutiques, trendy restaurants, and a rich cultural offering led by the Picasso Museum and the Mercado del Born. Living here means enjoying a vibrant and authentic environment in the very heart of Barcelona. Please note that this period building does not have an elevator. Do not hesitate to contact us for more information or to arrange a visit! #ref:CBES2757

A rare opportunity to acquire a timeless villa in impeccable condition, located frontline to the prestigious Royal Las Brisas Golf Course in Nueva Andalucía. From the moment you enter, it's clear that the home was built to exceptionally high standards, with quality materials, custom details, and tasteful touches throughout. The main floor features a spacious open-plan kitchen, dining area, and living room all with direct access to a beautiful terrace showcasing breathtaking views over the 15-metre heated infinity pool towards La Concha mountain. On this floor, you will also find two generously sized bedrooms (originally three), two bathrooms, and a guest toilet. The first floor is dedicated to the luxurious master suite, which includes a private terrace offering stunning panoramic views. Direct access from the property leads onto Las Brisas Golf, along with private golf buggy parking. Additional features include a large garage, carport, and a basement with a custom-designed wine cellar (holding hundreds of bottles), a laundry room, and a storage space that can be easily converted into a games room, gym, or cinema. Please note: the villa was originally a four-bedroom home and can be easily reconfigured to restore the additional bedroom. A truly special property in a privileged location must be seen to be fully appreciated. #ref:CBSH714

In the heart of La Reserva de La Quinta, one of the most exclusive gated communities in Benahavís, stands this classic Andalusian-style villa, set frontline golf and surrounded by nature, privacy and elegance. From the main entrance with its double-height ceiling, the property immediately conveys a sense of spaciousness and harmony, with a functional layout designed to offer comfort and seamless flow between indoor and outdoor areas. The main house features four en-suite bedrooms. Three are located on the upper floor and enjoy access to private terraces with open views of the golf course and the mature gardens that surround the property, while the fourth bedroom is situated on the ground floor, offering independence and direct access to the garden an ideal option for guests or people with reduced mobility. The daytime area consists of a bright main living room, decorated with brand-new contemporary furniture, and a separate cosy sitting room that provides an additional space for relaxation or reading. Both areas connect directly to the outdoors through large windows that flood the home with natural light. The kitchen, spacious and fully equipped, combines style and functionality, offering a breakfast area with garden views, and next to it is a guest toilet for added convenience. On the lower level, the basement has been converted into an independent apartment featuring a large bedroom, living room and private bathroom. This space, currently used as extra accommodation, can easily be reconverted into a closed garage with capacity for three cars, depending on the needs of the future owner. The outdoor areas are one of the main highlights of this villa. The plot, of more than 1,400 m², includes a consolidated garden with automatic irrigation, natural shaded areas beneath mature trees, and a heated private pool that invites relaxation all year round. Several terraces, both covered and uncovered, allow for sunny breakfasts, intimate evenings at sunset, or family gatherings in an unrivalled setting, with the golf course stretching out like an infinite garden in front of the property. The villa, presented in excellent condition, offers all modern comforts, including air conditioning, central heating, marble floors, electric shutters, alarm system, video intercom and 24-hour security within the community. The brand-new furniture has been carefully selected to bring freshness, comfort and aesthetic coherence to the spaces, creating a warm and sophisticated atmosphere. This villa represents a unique opportunity for those seeking a home with character, generous dimensions and a privileged location within one of the most prestigious residential complexes on the Costa del Sol. A perfect property both as a permanent residence and as a secure investment in one of the most sought-after and promising areas in southern Europe. The property benefits from 24-hour private security. #ref:CBSH1294

In the heart of Marbesa, one of East Marbella's most prestigious and peaceful neighborhoods, this exquisite independent luxury villa offers an exceptional lifestyle just 300 meters from the beach. Set on a generous 670 m² plot with 408 m² of meticulously crafted living space, the home seamlessly combines contemporary design with coastal charm. The villa boasts five spacious bedrooms, each designed to evoke a sense of comfort and sophistication. Five luxurious bathrooms, finished with premium materials, reflect the highest standards of modern living. At the heart of the home lies a sleek open-plan kitchen, fully equipped with state-of-the-art appliances, ideal for both everyday living and entertaining. Bright and airy living spaces flow effortlessly into the outdoors, inviting in natural light and a sense of openness. Step outside into your own private paradise, where a stunning infinity pool and manicured gardens set the scene for relaxation or al fresco dining. The expansive rooftop terrace, with panoramic sea views, offers a breathtaking setting for sunset gatherings or peaceful mornings. Modern amenities such as underfloor heating ensure year-round comfort, while convenient parking for two cars adds practicality to luxury. Upstairs bedrooms offer serene sea views, providing an inspiring start to every day. Just a short walk from the beach and close to vibrant beach clubs like Sugar Bay, this home enjoys the perfect balance of tranquility and accessibility. Marbella's bustling city center is only a short drive away, placing world-class restaurants, shopping, and entertainment within easy reach. Whether as a permanent residence or an exclusive holiday retreat, this luxury villa in Marbesa is a rare opportunity to embrace the finest in Mediterranean living. #ref:CBSH1065

This exceptional 400 m² apartment, including 63 m² of private terraces, is a rare single-level residence in the prestigious La Trinidad complex on Marbella's Golden Mile. Properties of this scale are typically spread over multiple floors, making this lateral layout a truly unique and highly sought-after offering. Located in one of Marbella's most exclusive gated communities, the apartment combines expansive interior space with absolute privacy, refined comfort, and breathtaking views of the Mediterranean Sea, La Concha Mountain, and the lush communal pool area. The home features four spacious bedrooms, including a master suite with a striking, bespoke layout that enhances its sense of luxury. From the moment you enter, the panoramic views and open-plan living space set a tone of understated elegance and grandeur. The design promotes a seamless flow throughout, balancing openness with intimacyideal for both relaxed family living and sophisticated entertaining. High-quality materials and finishes have been used throughout, emphasizing timeless style and expert craftsmanship. Ample built-in wardrobes, especially in the master suite, add to the apartment's practicality without compromising aesthetics. Five bathrooms and two secluded terraces ensure both comfort and versatility, while abundant natural light floods the entire residence from morning to evening. Renovated five years ago with exceptional attention to detail, the apartment retains the essence of its original architecture while integrating modern elements that enhance its luxurious feel. The property is held under two separate title deeds, offering additional legal and practical flexibility. It also includes three underground parking spaces and two generous storage rooms, ensuring maximum convenience. La Trinidad is renowned for its lush landscaped gardens, refined architecture, and top-tier amenities, including 24-hour security, outdoor pools, a heated indoor pool, a gym, concierge services, and a seasonal café. Ideally located between Marbella's town centre and Puerto Banús, the community provides walking-distance access to the beach, fine dining, luxury shopping, and is only a short drive from world-class golf courses. This apartment represents a truly one-of-a-kind opportunity to enjoy the best of La Trinidad and the Golden Milerare, elegant, and entirely exceptional. #ref:CBSH879

Set within the prestigious gated community of Montemayor, this exceptional villa offers an exquisite blend of luxury, privacy, and natural beauty. South-facing and bathed in sunlight throughout the day, the property enjoys breathtaking panoramic views of both the Mediterranean Sea and surrounding mountainsproviding a serene retreat just moments from top golf courses and exclusive amenities. Designed for both comfort and sophistication, the villa features five generously sized bedrooms, thoughtfully arranged to suit both family living and entertaining. The expansive living room boasts soaring ceilings and a stylish fireplace, creating a warm and elegant ambiance. Floor-to-ceiling windows open seamlessly to the outdoor terraces, blurring the lines between indoor and outdoor living while showcasing the home's stunning surroundings. The fully equipped kitchen, finished to a high standard, is both practical and beautifully appointedideal for daily living or hosting guests. The villa also features a spacious garage with capacity for one to two vehicles, as well as a private lift that connects all floors, ensuring ease of access for all ages and mobility levels. Outside, the villa continues to impress with a private pool, sunbathing area, and landscaped gardenall designed to promote relaxation and well-being. Multiple terraces invite al fresco dining, quiet afternoons, and unforgettable sunset views, while the elevated plot and lush vegetation ensure total privacy. This home is in excellent condition and move-in ready, yet offers plenty of scope for personalisation or renovation to suit the lifestyle of its future owners. Whether you're seeking a secure family residence or a high-potential investment in one of the Costa del Sol's most sought-after enclaves, this villa represents a rare opportunity. Contact us today to arrange a private viewing and experience the beauty and tranquility of Montemayor living. #ref:CBSH1174

Discover the incomparable elegance of these newly built 2, 3 and 4 bedroom apartments, and 3 bedroom semi-detached villas, located in the prestigious Selwo-New Golden Mile area. Just a few minutes from Puerto Banus and Estepona, this exclusive gated community offers a lifestyle of exceptional comfort and convenience. Enjoy a wide range of top-notch amenities, including a fully equipped gym, a rejuvenating spa, coworking spaces, paddle tennis courts, hot tubs, and a summer pool for both adults and children. The highlight is the stunning heated infinity pool, which offers panoramic sea views. In addition, it has playgrounds and 24-hour security for your peace of mind. Situated on a hill, these residences enjoy stunning sea views and are only 2 km from the beach. Each property offers ample indoor and outdoor spaces, standing out for its materials and finishes of the highest quality. In particular, all 3 and 4 bedroom units are equipped with underfloor heating throughout the property and feature spacious terraces and private gardens. With the option to fully customise interior finishes, flexible layout layouts, and exclusive furniture packages, these residences provide the opportunity to create a home that perfectly suits your style. In addition, you will enjoy after-sales customer service on site. #ref:CBSH240_X

Apartment for rent in Escaldes, located in urbanization of la Plana, 5 minutes from downtown.~ This apartment has 100 m2 and has 2 large bedrooms, of which 1 en suite with dressing room and bathroom with bathtub.~ A second bathroom with shower.~ Spacious living room from where you can enjoy fantastic panoramic views of the city.~ Separate kitchen equipped with appliances (fridge, ceramic hob, hood, oven and dishwasher).~ Parquet floors, double glazed windows, electric shutters in the living room.~ All their rooms are exterior.~ Heating oil.~ Building with elevator.~ 80 € will be charged to account for heating and water expenses, to be regularized at the end of the year.~ Includes 1 parking space in the same building.~ ANIMALS ARE ADMITTED #ref:04849/5210

Coldwell Banker Unique presents this exclusive apartment located on Maldonado Street, in the prestigious Lista neighborhood. Situated on the seventh floor, it offers a constructed area of 142 m² with a functional and elegant layout. The property features three spacious bedrooms and three bathrooms, as well as a convenient laundry room that adds practicality to daily life. Its charming terrace stands out, perfect for enjoying the outdoors. The apartment is sold furnished, with a fully equipped kitchen, air conditioning, and heating, ensuring maximum comfort throughout the year. #ref:CBUQ983

GALÍ Real Estate is honored to present the 'VORA RIU' development, where ski and mountain lovers will find the best setting to enjoy an exclusive lifestyle.~The project masterfully blends tradition, design, and comfort, respecting the alpine style and contemporary minimalism.~This new high-end development uses fine materials such as wood and stone to provide warmth and comfort, along with the most sustainable and efficient improvements such as home automation, underfloor heating, and LED lighting. All interior finishes, as well as appliances and furnishings, are from top-quality brands that prioritize energy efficiency.~Units range from one to three bedrooms, ranging from 62 to 173 m2. Each home has a private ski room for the safe and secure storage of all ski equipment, as well as a clothes drying cabinet to ensure maximum comfort for the entire family.~The underground floors feature two floors reserved for convenient parking spaces and spacious storage rooms, which will feature pre-installed electric car charging stations and low-energy lighting for greater efficiency.~You are undoubtedly looking at the project where you can enjoy high standards, nature, comfort, and an exclusive lifestyle tailored for all those who want to enjoy an incomparable setting.~149.17 m2 apartment with a 17,33 m2 terrace included. It has three double bedrooms, one of them en suite, and a full bathroom. ~Included in the price: 1 parking space and 1 storage room #ref:04792/5210

The Meadows is a new project in La Cala Resort consisting of 26 spacious frontline golf townhouses with panoramic views over the residential area and the Mijas valley. South-west facing. Homes on 3 floors in a private and gated community, with communal pool and garden. The Meadows is without a doubt your project if you are looking for a comfortable and functional home with a private basement, an open-plan main floor with a fully fitted and equipped kitchen, 3 large bedrooms, large terraces and a garden. La Cala Golf Resort has 3 18-hole golf courses, a hydrotherapy centre and Spa, an emblematic 4-star hotel, 2 restaurants and 1 wine cellar, a golf school (La Cala Golf Academy), 24-hour security and a wide variety of sports facilities (tennis courts, paddle tennis, professional football fields, fitness room, and leisure centre), all surrounded by a fantastic natural environment. Just a few minutes by car you can enjoy the charm of Mijas and its well-kept old town with its small streets, go shopping in Marbella or Fuengirola, or enjoy the nightlife in La Cala de Mijas or Puerto Banús. In short, a new residential complex with the advantages of a top-quality environment, strategically located in La Cala Golf Resort, at a truly unbeatable price. The residential complex is located in a quiet area between the beautiful Sierra de Mijas Natural Park and the Mediterranean Sea, just 10 minutes from the wonderful beaches of the Costa del Sol, 20 minutes from Marbella and 30 minutes from Malaga airport. #ref:CBSH127_W

This exceptional beachfront residence is located directly on the golden sands of Costabella, one of Marbella's most sought-after coastal areas. Designed and built to the highest standards by acclaimed Marbella architect José Carlos Moya, this newly constructed home embodies modern elegance, architectural sophistication, and beachfront serenity. With 6 bedrooms and 5 bathrooms, this stunning villa provides generous living space for families or guests seeking comfort, privacy, and the ultimate seaside lifestyle. Facing southwest, the property enjoys spectacular sea views and breathtaking sunsets, enhanced by a design that seamlessly blends wood, glass, stone, and concrete into a refined and welcoming family home. The ground floor welcomes you with a spacious entrance hall that opens into a bright living room, dining area, and a sleek open-plan kitchen. Both the kitchen and living room feature sliding glass doors that open onto a decked terrace with a heated swimming pool, set against the backdrop of a landscaped private dune. A path leads directly to the beach through natural sand dunes, ensuring privacy while offering immediate beach access. This level also includes a guest bedroom with fitted wardrobes and a bathroom. Upstairs, the first floor hosts the master suite, complete with two walk-in wardrobes, a luxurious bathroom, and access to a terrace with sweeping sea views. Two additional bedrooms also open to the terrace and share a spacious bathroom. The rooftop terrace is designed for leisure and wellness, offering panoramic sea views, a pergola, and fitness equipment a perfect setting for morning workouts or evening relaxation. The basement level includes two additional bedrooms with natural light, fitted wardrobes, a bathroom, and a full spa area with a jacuzzi, sauna, steam bath, and showers. There is also a laundry room, storage areas, and a utility room. An elevator and an oak staircase with glass railings connect all floors seamlessly. This property is sold with both LPO (Licencia de Primera Ocupación) and a rental license, making it not only a dream home but also an exceptional investment with excellent rental income potential. #ref:CBSH452

We are pleased to present the new construction of 'LES NERES D'ORDINO' homes, an exclusive residential project consisting of 5 luxury homes located in a fantastic location in Ordino, within walking distance to the centre of Ordino.~~The homes have a practical and functional layout, with all the comforts and using high quality finishes:~Heating system using a geothermal heat pump that is distributed through underfloor heating throughout the home, with additional towel racks in the bathrooms.~Mechanical ventilation system with heat recovery~In the garage, pre-installation for charging electric vehicles~Home automation to remotely control heating, lights, access door... with scalable and customised options on demand.~Interior doors from the CARRÉ, NORMA or similar brand~Parking door from HORMANN or similar~Kitchen with GAGGENAU or similar appliances, and kitchen furniture from BULTHAUP or similar.~Wheelchair accessible lift~Pre-installation of fireplace~Installation of a photovoltaic solar energy system.~All the houses are divided into four floors connected by a lift and a stairwell and have surfaces from 300 square metres of living space plus 200 m2 of garage; In addition, each house has its own porch, patio and terrace.~~The garages are on the ground floor and can accommodate 5-6 cars. The installation room and laundry area are also located on this floor.~~On the first floor we find the day area, with a surface area of 100 to 115 m2 depending on the house with a large living room, dining room and fully equipped designer kitchen, and guest bathroom. This floor is designed to enjoy with family and friends and to give a feeling of warmth and spaciousness, the space has large windows that guarantee the entry of sun and natural light. From this floor you can access the garden and terrace.~~On the second floor we find the sleeping area, with 3 large double bedrooms and 3 full bathrooms.~~On the third and last floor we find the main room, with a dimension of between 82 and 90 m2. It was initially conceived with a bedroom area and a study area, with two full bathrooms.~~DO NOT hesitate to contact us for any additional information you may require. #ref:04268/5210

Coldwell Banker Unique presents this elegant residence located on the second floor of a distinguished building in Goya, one of the most privileged enclaves in the Salamanca district. With 136 sqm, the property stands out for its spaciousness, brightness, and a design conceived for contemporary living in the heart of Madrid. The layout includes three double bedrooms and three full bathrooms, offering comfort and privacy in every room. The social area opens onto a large living room connected to a private terrace, a perfect space to relax or entertain guests. The open, fully equipped kitchen blends seamlessly with the space, adding style and functionality. The residence features heating and air conditioning, ensuring year-round comfort. The building is equipped with an elevator and concierge service, adding an extra level of convenience and security. An exceptional opportunity for those seeking a spacious, bright, and thoughtfully designed property in one of the most prestigious and vibrant neighborhoods of the capital. #ref:CBUQ941

This extraordinary three-floor villa is located in the prestigious gated community of Sierra Blanca on the Costa del Sol. Built just a decade ago, the residence seamlessly fuses neoclassical architecture with contemporary luxury, offering an unmatched lifestyle in one of Spain's most exclusive enclaves. From the moment you enter, the grand foyerwith its soaring 9-meter-high ceiling and sparkling electric chandelierssets the tone for the sophistication found throughout the home. With a total built area of 2,009 m² on a vast 4,131 m² plot, the estate is framed by exquisite palatial gardens, beautifully landscaped with rows of Italian cypress and mature olive trees that imbue the grounds with Mediterranean serenity. Inside, the villa exudes craftsmanship and elegance. Rich travertine floors span the interior, while fabric-covered walls and gold-plated door handles add subtle layers of luxury. Red wood doors elevate both the aesthetic and acoustic comfort, thanks to complete soundproofingincluding insulated wallsfor total peace and privacy. The home features seven spacious bedroomsthree upstairs and three on the main flooreach with its own en-suite bathroom and private terrace. A seventh bedroom, ideal as a guest suite or staff quarters, offers flexibility. A private office with a built-in safe adds security and convenience for working from home. The kitchen is a chef's dream, equipped with premium Miele appliances, dual refrigerators and freezers, and a professional-grade ice maker. The outdoor area is equally impressive, featuring a 25-meter saltwater pool surrounded by an award-winning garden (Best Residential Garden 2014), an outdoor kitchen, and a BBQ areaideal for both tranquil living and elegant entertaining. The basement level is designed for relaxation and recreation, including a cinema room, a 300 m² open space ready for a gym or games lounge, and pre-installation for a spa and sauna. A standout feature is the 12-car garage, engineered to accommodate even low-profile sports cars with ease. Sustainability meets luxury with solar panels, a clean water filtration system, and advanced security through multi-layer anti-vandal glass windows. Every detail of the home has been curated to provide high efficiency, safety, and comfort. Set against the backdrop of La Concha Mountain and just minutes from Marbella's finest international schools, designer boutiques, and fine dining, this villa offers a rare balance of serenity, exclusivity, and convenience. This is more than a propertyit is a living masterpiece, crafted for those who demand timeless elegance and modern refinement in equal measure. #ref:CBSH442